Aptamer-based technologies in the detection of marine biotoxins / 国际药学研究杂志

Aptamers are kinds of short single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid(ssDNA)or ribonucleic acid(RNA)selected in vitro using SELEX(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). They can effectively bind various targets such as ami-no acids,carbohydrates,proteins,cells and viruses,with the advantages of simple operation,high sensitivity and low cost. This arti-cle outlines the basic principles,advantages and applications of aptamer technology. It also summarizes the features and hazards of ma-rine biotoxins,and introduces the application prospects of aptamer technology in the detection of marine biotoxins.

Correlation between Chromosomal Abnormality and Cell Morphology with Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between morphological abnormalities and abnormal myelodysplastic syn-dromes(MDS)cloning.Methods 82 cases of MDS were collected with complete FISH and morphological abnormalities. The relationship between MDS cell morphology and chromosome abnormality was investigated.Results 45 cases of chromo-somal abnormalities were found,and +8 were the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities.8 cases were +8,-5 and 5q-were 6,20q-were 7,-7 and 7q-were 5,complex karyotypes(>3 abnormalities)were 6.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of primordial cells,megakaryocyte dysplasia,megakaryocyte abnormalities between karyotype abnormal group and karyotype normal group(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of abnormal karyotype among high risk group and low risk group,the low risk group and medium risk group(P<0.05).Con-clusion The chromosomal abnormalities of MDS patients would be related to morphological changes.

Immediate reconstruction of tissue defects on eyelid caused by tumor excision / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the methods for immediate reconstruction of tissue defects on eyelid caused by tumor excision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Single or combined local skin flaps were used to repair tissue defects on eyelids after tumor excision.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Since 1994, 216 patients (224 sides) were treated. All flaps survived with primary healing. 149 patients were followed up for 3 months to 10 years with satisfactory results. 2 patients with squamous cell carcinoma recurred and reoperated with local skin flap again.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is a simple, safe, flexible and reliable method to immediately repair the tissue defects with local flaps on eyelid caused by tumor excision.</p>

Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) expression in pathological scar fibroblast formation / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) in the formation of the keloid.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The real-time quantitative PCR was used to compare the DDRs expression in the keloids and normal fibroblasts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of DDR1 expression was significantly higher in keloid than in normal fibroblast (20.98 vs 4.2, P <0.01; 7.9 vs 4.23, P <0.05). The level of DDR1 expression in keloid was also higher significantly than that in hypertropic scar (20.98 vs 7.9, P < 0.01). However, the level of DDR2 expression was somewhat higher in keloid than in normal fibroblasts, the difference seemed not to be significantly in probability (358, 332 vs 278, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DDRs may exert effect on keloid cell behaviours.</p>

Risk factors for mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>We managed to assess and confirm the risk factors for mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operations so as to map out the proper guidance of surgical strategy especially in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in domestic polyclinic like ours.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five hundred and forty-eight consecutive patients underwent CABG from December 1999 through August 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Eighty-nine cases had an LVEF of 40% or less. All together twenty-two candidate factors were evaluated for their association with perioperative death using univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When data from all the patients who had undergone CABG were taken into account, LVEF, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, mitral repair/replacement, resection of aneurysm, concomitant aortic valve replacement, and perioperative intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation (IABP), left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) all showed an association with perioperative death in univariate analysis, while an LVEF of > 40%, on the other hand, appeared to be a protective factor. In multivariate analysis, moderate to severe mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, repair of septal perforation and aortic regurgitation were proved to be risk factors. When the analysis was restricted to patients with an LVEF of 40% or less, such variables as age, LVEDD, mitral regurgitation, mitral repair/replacement, IABP, and CPB were qualified as risk factors in a univariate analysis. Age, moderate mitral regurgitation, aneurysm of the heart wall, CPB, left main coronary artery disease and female were associated with perioperative death in a multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Concerning the prognosis, patients who undergo CABG would have different risk factors when data from all the enrolled patients or data from patients with LVEF <or= 40% is compared. This is because low LVEF is itself an important risk factor. Regarding the low LVEF patients, the aggressive treatments including correction of mitral regurgitation and resection of aneurysm of the heart wall concomitant with CABG should be taken into account while planning the operative strategy to ensure the perioperative safety and prognosis.</p>

33 cases of craniofacial clefts: experience in diagnosis and treatment with tessier classification / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce our experience in diagnosis and treatment of 33 patients with Tessier craniofacial clefts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>33 patients with craniofacial clefts were classified by Tessier classification. According to the type and severity of the clefts, various techniques, from simple local flap transfer to complicated osteotomy and bone grafting were used to correct the deformity in 29 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients who underwent corrective operation were satisfied with the result, and there were no complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>(1) Tessier classification is very important for plastic surgeon to find potential craniofacial deformities related to main signs. (2) No. 7 cleft is one of most common Tessier craniofacial clefts. (3) Each Tessier cleft is unique, therefore, the treatment plans cannot be standardized. Specific corrective operation must be performed on each patient according to the type and severity of the cleft, including simple local flap transfer to complicated osteotomy and bone grafting or distraction osteogenesis.</p>

Clinical application of intro-aortic balloon pump and centrifugal pump in low cardiac output syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical application of Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and centrifugal pump in low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From April 2000 to January 2004, 5 patients suffered serious LCOS after CABG in our department. Because maximum vasoactive agent had no significant effect, we supported these 5 patients with IABP and centrifugal pumps. The centrifugal pumps were connected with cannulas of right superior pulmonary vein and ascending aorta. The flow rate of the centrifugal pumps were increased to 3-4 L/min gradually. The dosage of vasoactive agent and flow rate of the centrifugal pumps were decreased gradually after hemodynamics stabilized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 5 patients' hemodynamics were improved significantly after the left ventricular assist by IABP and centrifugal pumps. Five patients were weaned from the centrifugal pumps after 4 to 7 days successfully. But some degree damage to blood cells and renal function were detected. Renal function of 3 patients were recovered gradually after centrifugal pumps removed and discharged successfully, One patient died of acute renal failure, 1 patient died of multiple organ failure, 5 patients need transfusion of whole blood or concentrated erythrocytes and 4 patients need transfusion of platelets.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were significant improvements in hemodynamics after support with IABP and centrifugal pumps in the patients who suffered serious LCOS with less effect of maximum vasoactive agent after CABG. Some complications on blood cells and renal function should be paid more attention.</p>

Relation of heparanase mRNA expression and angiogenesis to the progression of gastric carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relation of heparanase gene and angiogenesis with the progress of gastric carcinoma (GC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of heparanase mRNA in 52 GC tissue was detected by in situ hybridization assay. Microvessel density (MVD) was examined by immunohistochemical method. MVD and heparanase mRNA expression were analysed with their relation to histological grade, invasion depth,lymph node metastasis and organ metastasis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MVD was 73.2 +/- 22.8 in 25 (48.1%) tissue with positive heparanase mRNA. It was 44.8 +/- 11.9 in 27 (51.9%) tissues with negative heparanase mRNA, between which the difference was significant (P < 0.001). MVD and heparanase mRNA expression were related with lymph node metastasis and depth of serosal invasion in GC (P < 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Heparanase, being related to angiogenesis in gastric cancer, promotes growth, invasion and metastasis. Heparanase mRNA expression is an important predictor of the biological behavior of human gastric carcinoma.</p>

The volume change of micronized acellular dermal matrix after injection / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a new injectable material.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Micronized swine acellular dermal matrix was injected into the ear of rabbits. The augmentation was observed and measured with pathological and transmission electron microscopic technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were fibroblasts and capillaries in the injected material. The absorption rate of injected acellular dermal matrix was 26.93% in the experimental group at 48 weeks after injection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The acellular dermal matrix is an ideal injectable material for lower absorption and easy usage.</p>